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Incorrect bank details: a bank that prepares the transfer order itself may be held liable

In a judgment of 4 March 2026, the Commercial Chamber ruled that the provisions of Article L. 133-21 of the Monetary and Financial Code do not protect the bank where it has not merely executed the payment order. If the bank itself prepared the transfer order based on bank details containing obvious anomalies, it may …

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Dismissing a director in a french SAS: statutory rules and extra-statutory personal commitments of the partners

Cass. com., 9 July 2025, No. 24-10.428 and No. 23-21.160 The Court of Cassation has clarified in two rulings the limits and links between statutory provisions and extra-statutory commitments regarding the dismissal of directors in french SAS companies. In SAS companies, the articles of association cannot be circumvented – but the partners may enter into …

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Loss of opportunity and the role of the judge: fundamental clarifications from the Plenary Assembly of the Court of Cassation

Judgments of the Plenary Assembly of the Court of Cassation of 27 June 2025 (appeals nos. 22-21.146 and 22-21.812) The Court of Cassation, sitting in plenary session on 27 June 2025, handed down two important decisions (appeals nos. 22-21.146 and 22-21.812), providing decisive clarification on the concept of loss of opportunity and the scope of …

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Shareholders action: shareholders have an individual interest even in the event of simultaneous action by the company

Court of Cassation, Commercial Chamber, 7 May 2025, appeal no. 23-15.931 “The shareholders have an individual right to seek compensation for the damage suffered by the company, which is not affected by the company's concurrent action.” The facts In a ruling handed down on 7 May 2025, the Commercial, Financial and Economic Chamber of the …

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Unfair competition: application of Egyptian law by a French judge

In a ruling of 18 December 2024 (Civ. 1ère, pourvoi n° 23-19.224), the Cour de cassation clarified the obligations of the French judge when applying foreign law in matters of unfair competition and economic parasitism. The case, which pitted the SEB-Moulinex group against several French and foreign companies, concerned the imitation of household electrical appliances …

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Enforceability in France of a civil judgment from a Swiss criminal court

Introduction In its decision no. 657 F-B of 27 November 2024, the First Civil Chamber of the Cour de Cassation confirmed the enforceability in France of a decision of the Geneva Court of Justice. This case was part of a complex framework involving companies based in the Cayman Islands and offences recognised in Switzerland. At …

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The sudden termination of established commercial relations can be used by a third party to claim damages

The Court of cassation ruled in a decision rendered on the 6th of September 2011 that a third party could use the sudden termination of a commercial relation to claim indemnities if this termination also caused a prejudice to this third party. Cour de cassation, 6 septembre 2011, Chambre commerciale, pourvoi n°10-11975 An import-export company …

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