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Incorrect bank details: a bank that prepares the transfer order itself may be held liable

In a judgment of 4 March 2026, the Commercial Chamber ruled that the provisions of Article L. 133-21 of the Monetary and Financial Code do not protect the bank where it has not merely executed the payment order. If the bank itself prepared the transfer order based on bank details containing obvious anomalies, it may …

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Swiss franc loans: the Court of Cassation reverses its position and tightens transparency requirements for banks!

Cass. civ. 1ère, 9 July 2025, no. 24-19.647 In this ruling of 9 July 2025, the First Civil Chamber of the Court of Cassation made a significant reversal of case law concerning loans denominated in foreign currencies, particularly Swiss francs, imposing on banks a greater obligation of transparency regarding exchange rate risks throughout the term …

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Debt and cash management agreement: no automatic transfer of debt between affiliated companies

Cass. com., 12 March 2025, No. 23-23.961 In a ruling dated 12 March 2025, the commercial chamber of the Court of Cassation reiterated that the implementation of a centralised cash pooling agreement, even between companies in the same group, does not in itself allow the transfer of debt from one company to another, unless expressly …

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Fraud involving means of payment: the main burden of proof lies with the bank

On 20 November 2024, the Commercial Chamber of the French Supreme Court (Cour de cassation) ruled (appeal no. 23-15.099) on the liability of users and providers of payment services in the event of fraudulent use of a payment instruments. This ruling, which clarifies the conditions under which liability may be triggered, is in line with …

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On-demand guarantee or personal guarantee? Pay attention to the wording

By a decision rendered on 30 January 2019 (Commercial Chamber, 30 January 2019 No. 17-21279), the Court of Cassation qualified a guarantee. The Court of Cassation had to define whether the engagement of a company's manager was a guarantee or  a on-demand guarantee. The facts were as follows, Company A owed an amount of €86,165 …

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